UNIT 11: BREAKING THE RULES
GRAMMAR: SHOULD/ SHOULDN´T HAVE
Los verbos modales son ciertos verbos que son invariables, es decir, que se forman igual con todas los pronombres personales. En este caso vamos a ver el uso del modal 'should'.
¿PARA QUÉ SIRVE?
El verbo modal 'should' se utiliza para expresar consejos o para decir lo que es correcto o incorrecto hacer. Se suele traducir como 'debería'.
SHOULD HAVE
Tú deberías llamar a tu hermana.
You should call your sister.
(Dar consejos)
SHOULDN´T HAVE
No deberías fumar aquí
You shouldn’t smoke in here
(Decir lo que es correcto o incorrecto hacer)
¿CÓMO SE FORMA?
Los verbos modales son iguales para todas las personas y siempre van seguidos de un infinitivo (sin ‘to’). Además, no necesitan auxiliar para formar la negativa y la interrogativa.
Deberías buscar otro trabajo.
You should find another job.
Él no debería hablar mientras está comiendo
He shouldn't talk while he is eating.
¿Debería abrir la ventana?
Should I open the window?
El modal ‘should’ se utiliza para dar consejos o hacer recomendaciones con respecto a lo que se debe o no hacer.
Al hacer respuestas cortas debemos contestar con el modal empleado
Should I open the window? - Yes, you should / No, you shouldn't)
Los modales siempre van seguidos de otro verbo sin la preposición 'to'.
| Should: expressing obligation | |
| Structure: should + infinitive form of a verb should be, should go, should do, etc. | |
| We use should for the present and the future. We use should to give advice to someone and to say that something is a good idea. Should is weaker than have to and must. | You should tell them the truth. You shouldn't smoke; it's bad for you. I don't think you should do it. |
| Should have: expressing unfulfilled obligation in the past | |
| Structure: should + (not) have + past participle of verb | |
| We use should have to say that someone didn't do something, but it would have been the correct thing to do it. | You should have told them the truth. You shouldn't have gone there – it was a mistake. I don't think you should have done it. |
| We often use should have to express regret about the past, or to say that we made a mistake. | I’m sorry for shouting at you – Ishouldn’t have raised my voice. |
GRAMMAR 2: WAS/WERE GOING TO, WAS/WERE SUPPOSED
TO
Usamos was/were going to para hablar sobre planes que hicimos en el pasado y no sucedieron o no sucederán en el futuro.
We are going to visit the Homers later that year, but we didn't go for some reason.
(Nosotros planeábamos visitar a los Homer pero no lo hicimos)
We were going to spend the weekend in Paris, but there was no free rooms.
(íbamos a pasar el fin de semana en París, pero no vamos a ir allí).
Ana was supposed to book the cottage months ago, but she forgot.
(Acordamos que Ana reservaría la casa de campo, pero no lo hizo)
I was supposed to call you back, wasn't I? Sorry, Sam, I was out all day.
(Sam esperaba que su novia le devolviese la llamada, pero no lo hizo)
Después de was/were going to y was/were supposed to, siempre usamos infinitivos. Usamos estas frases para disculparnos y podemos incluir en ella las razones por lo que no lo hicimos.
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